Image credit - Google.com

What is Cilia and Flagella?

By Jack Loren 

September 14, 2023

Image credit - Google.com

Cilia and flagella are hair-like appendages on the surface of the cells.  

Image credit - Google.com

When many hair-like appendages shorter than the cell are found on the surface of the cell, it is called cilia, 

Image credit - Google.com

and when there are 1, 2, or 4 hair-like appendages on the cell surface that are relatively longer than the cell. If present, they are called flagella

Image credit - Google.com

Cilia and flagella are motile, hair like appendages on the free surface of cells. 

Image credit - Google.com

Extend out of it. These are cytoplasmic processes, which originate from the ectoplasm and extend out of it. 

Image credit - Google.com

These create water current, food currents, act as sensory organs and perform many mechanical functions for the cell.  

Image credit - Google.com

There is no clear-cut morphological or physiological difference between cilia and flagella, except that of size. 

Image credit - Google.com

When they are few, i.e. 1,2, or 4 in number and longer than a cell, they are called flagella

but when they are more in number and relatively short they are known as cilia